Assessing Energy Performance Certificates for Buildings: A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) of Portuguese Municipalities

This article presents causal recipes leading to high and low energy consumption efficiency performances using fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). The study found that several conditions are sufficient for performance, including fiscal financial incentive policies, a highly educated population, many completed dwellings, GDP. also inequality in dwellings reconstructions, coupled with GDP number of lead performance. In addition, the analysis showed slight differences between yearly consistencies, suggesting time effects not concern. On other hand, education level, Gini coefficient, few study’s results suggest policymakers stakeholders should consider combination when implementing policies. highlights need policies focusing on education, incentives, reconstructions achieve